Timeline of Political Events in Pakistan-1947 to date
1857: The uprising against the British takes place.
1858: The Government of India Act 1858 is enacted.
1861: The Indian Council Act 1861 is passed.
1885: The Indian National Congress is founded by A.O. Hume.
1905: The Partition of Bengal is announced.
1906: The Muslim League is founded at Decca on December
31st.
1907: The Seditious Meeting Act 1907 is enacted.
1908: Khudiram Bose is executed on April 30th.
1908: Tilak is sentenced to six years on charges of sedition
on July 22nd.
1909: The Minto-Morley Reforms of Indian Councils Act is
passed on May 21st.
1909: The Morley-Minto Reforms granted separate electorates
to Muslims.
1910: The Indian Press Act 1910 is enacted.
1911: The Delhi Durbar is held and the Partition of Bengal
is cancelled.
1911: New Delhi is established as the new capital of India.
1912: A bomb is thrown on Lord Hardinge during his state
entry into Delhi on December 23rd.
1914: The Ghadar Party is formed at San Francisco on
November 1st.
1914: Tilak is released from jail on June 16th.
1914: The First World War breaks out on August 4th.
1914: The Komagatamaru ship reaches Budge Budge (Calcutta
port) on September 29th.
1915: Mahatma Gandhi arrives in India on January 9th.
1915: Gopal Krishna Gokhale dies on February 19th.
1916: Lucknow Pact was passed with the collaboration of
Congress and Muslim League. Congress conceded to the legitimate rights of
Muslims. In this pact the right of separate electorates for Muslims was
recognized.
1916: Annie Besant starts another Home Rule League on
September 25th.
1917: Mahatma Gandhi launches the Champaran campaign in
Bihar to focus attention on the grievances of indigo planters in April.
1917: The Secretary of State for India, Montague, declares
that the goal of the British government in India is the introduction of
Responsible Government on August 20th.
1918: The trade union movement in India begins.
1919: The Rowlatt Bill is introduced on February 16th.
1919: The Jallianwala Bagh tragedy takes place on April 13th
in Amritsar.
1919: The House of Commons passes the Montague Chelmsford
Reforms or the Government of India Act, 1919 on December 5th. The new reforms
under this Act come into operation in 1921.
1920: The first meeting of the All India Trade Union
Congress is held under Narain Malhar Joshi.
1920: The Indian National Congress (INC) adopts the
Non-Cooperation Resolution in December.
1920-22: Mahatma Gandhi suspends the Non-Cooperation
Movement on February 12th after the violent incidents at Chauri Chaura.
1922: The Moplah rebellion takes place on the Malabar coast
in August.
1923: The Swaraj Party is formed by Motilal Nehru and others
on January 1st.
1924: The Communist Party of India starts its activities in
Kanpur.
1925: The Kakori Train Conspiracy case takes place in
August.
1927: The British Prime Minister appoints the Simon
Commission to suggest future constitutional reforms in India.
1928: The Simon Commission arrives in Bombay on February
3rd. An all-India hartal is called, and Lala Lajpat Rai is assaulted by the
police at Lahore.
1928: The Nehru Report recommends principles for the new
Constitution of India. The report is considered by the All Parties Conference
from August 28th to 31st.
1928: Lala Lajpat Rai passes away on November 17th due to
injuries.
1929: The Sarda Act is passed, prohibiting the marriage of
girls below 14 and boys below 18 years of age.
1929: The All Parties Muslim Conference formulates the
‘Fourteen Points’ under the leadership of Jinnah on March 9th.
1930: Mohammad Ali Jinnah presents the Fourteen Points,
demanding safeguards for Muslims in a future independent India.
1929: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwari Dutt throw a bomb in the
Central Legislative Assembly on April 8th.
1929: Lord Irwin announces on October 31st that the goal of
British policy in India is the grant of Dominion status.
1929: The Lahore session of the INC adopts the goal of
complete independence (poorna swarajya) for India. Jawaharlal Nehru hoists the
tricolor on the banks of the Ravi at Lahore on December 31st.
1930: The first Independence Day is observed on January 26th.
1930: The Working Committee of the INC meets at Sabarmati
and passes the Civil Disobedience resolution on February 14th.
1930: Mahatma Gandhi launches the Civil Disobedience
movement with his epic Dandi March from March 12th to April 6th. The first phase
of the Civil Disobedience movement takes place from March 12, 1930, to March 5,
1931.
1930: The First Round Table Conference begins in London on
November 30th to consider the report of the Simon Commission.
1931: The Gandhi-Irwin Pact is signed on March 5th, and the
Civil Disobedience movement is suspended.
1931: Bhagat Singh, Sukh Dev, and Rajguru are executed on
March 23rd.
1931: The Second Round Table Conference takes place on
September 7th.
1931: Gandhiji returns from London after the deadlock in the
Second Round Table Conference on December 28th. He launches the Civil
Disobedience Movement, and the INC is declared illegal.
1932: Gandhiji is arrested and imprisoned without trial on
January 4th.
1932: British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announces the
infamous “Communal Award” on August 16th.
1932: Gandhiji, in jail, begins his epic “fast unto
death” against the Communal Award on September 20th and ends the fast on
September 26th after the Poona Pact.
1932: The Third Round Table Conference begins in London from
November 17th to December 24th.
1933: Gandhiji is released from prison as he begins a fast
for self-purification on May 9th. The INC suspends the Civil Disobedience
movement but authorizes Satyagraha by individuals.
1934: Gandhiji withdraws from active politics and devotes
himself to constructive programs from 1934 to 1939.
1935: The Government of India Act 1935 is passed on August
4th.
1937: Elections are held in India under the Act of 1935 in
February. The INC contests the election and forms ministries in several
provinces in July.
1937: The Wardha scheme of basic education is introduced.
1938: The Haripura session of the INC is held on February
19th. Subhash Chandra Bose is elected Congress president on February 20th.
1939: The Tripuri session of the INC is conducted from March
10th to 12th.
1939: Subhash Chandra Bose resigns as the President of the
INC in April.
1939: The Second World War begins on September 1st. Great
Britain declares war on Germany on September 3rd, and the Viceroy declares that
India is also at war.
1939: Between October 27th and November 5th, the Congress
ministries in the provinces resign in protest against the war policy of the
British government.
1939: The Muslim League observes the resignation of the
Congress ministries as ‘Deliverance Day’ on December 22nd.
1940: The Lahore session of the Muslim League passes the
Pakistan Resolution on March 23.
1940: Viceroy Linlithgow announces the ‘August Offer’ on
August 10th.
1940: The Congress Working Committee rejects the ‘August
Offer’ between August 18th and 22nd.
1940: Congress launches the Individual Satyagraha movement
on October 17th.
1941: Subhash Chandra Bose escapes from India on January
17th and arrives in Berlin on March 28th.
1942: Churchill announces the Cripps Mission on March 11th.
1942: The INC meets in Bombay and adopts the ‘Quit India’
resolution on August 7th and 8th.
1942: Gandhiji and other Congress leaders are arrested on
August 9th.
1942: The Quit India movement begins on August 11th, known
as the Great Aug Uprising.
1942: Subhash Chandra Bose establishes the Indian National
Army ‘Azad Hind Fauj’ on September 1st.
1943: Subhash Chandra Bose proclaims the formation of the
Provisional Government of Free India on October 21st.
1943: The Karachi session of the Muslim League adopts the
slogan “Divide and Rule” in December.
1944: Wavell calls the Simla Conference in a bid to form the
Executive Council with Indian political leaders on January 25th.
1946: Mutiny of the Indian naval ratings in Bombay.
1946: The Cabinet Mission arrives in New Delhi on March
14th. British Prime Minister Attlee announces the Cabinet Mission to propose a
new solution to the Indian deadlock on March 15th and issues the proposal on
May 16th.
1946: Jawaharlal Nehru takes over as Congress president on
July 6th.
1946: Wavell invites Nehru to form an interim government on
August 6th, and the Interim Government takes office on September 2nd.
1946: Direct Action Day is observed by the Muslim League.
1947: On February 20th, British Prime Minister Attlee
declares that the British government would leave India no later than June 1948.
1947: Lord Mountbatten, the last British Viceroy and
Governor-General of India, is sworn in on March 24th.
1947: The Mountbatten Plan for the partition of India is
made on June 3rd, and the announcement is made on June 4th that the transfer of
power will take place on August 15th.
1947: The Indian Independence Act is passed by the British
Parliament, leading to the partition of India and the creation of two separate
countries: India and Pakistan.
1947: Pakistan is established as an independent state on
August 14th, with Muhammad Ali Jinnah serving as the Governor-General.
1947: Migration and communal violence occur as Hindus and
Sikhs move to India, and Muslims migrate to Pakistan.
